CHAPTER
20
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TRADE
AND COMMERCE
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The number of
workers in "trade and commerce" has increased from 1.47 lakh in 1961 to 7.10
lakh in 1991, i.e., from 26% of the work force (main workers) in 1961 to 37% in 1991.
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The number of
dealers registered under the Delhi Sales Tax Act has increased from 16,616 in 1961 to
1,13,357 in 1991 and further to 1,47,542 in 1998-99 (excluding dealers registered under
Central Sales Tax Act).
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The contribution
of "trade, hotels and restaurants" in GSDP has increased from Rs. 4275.17 crores
in 1993-94 to Rs.8892 crores in 1998-99 (Table 2.3). This segment has contributed about
22% of GSDP during the last five years.
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ECONOMIC CENSUS,
1998
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2. The 4th
Economic Census undertaken in 1998 covered all types of enterprises in agriculture (except
crop production, plantation) and non-agriculture sectors in Delhi. The provisional results
indicate that there were 6.24 lakh enterprises in Delhi in 1998, registering an increase
of 37% compared to the 3rd Economic Census of 1990. Non-agricultural enterprises accounted
for 98.2% of total enterprises. 95.5% of the enterprises were in urban areas and 4.5% in
rural areas. Own account enterprises operating with household members accounted for 52% of
total enterprises.
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MARKETING OF
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE
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3. While there is no institutional framework to document the volume and
value of non-agricultural distributive trades, such a framework exists in the shape of the
Delhi Agricultural Marketing Board(DAMB) in respect of agricultural produce. DAMB was
established in 1976 and functions under the framework of the Delhi Agricultural Produce
Marketing Act, 1976, replaced subsequently by a new Act in 1998. The Board exercises
supervision and control over various agricultural produce markets and promotes better
marketing of agricultural produce by developing infrastructure facilities and providing
facilities for grading and standardization.
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DELHI
AGRICULTURAL MARKETING BOARD (DAMB)
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4. The Delhi
Agricultural Marketing Board is in a healthy financial position and does not receive any
financial assistance or grants from the Govt. of NCT of Delhi. The income and expenditure
of DAMB over the last five years is indicated below :
|
| Year |
Income |
Expenditure
(Rs. In Lakhs) |
| 1994-95 |
524.70
|
326.29 |
1995-96
|
536.93 |
653.99
|
| 1996-97 |
893.26
|
911.45
|
| 1997-98 |
792.14
|
1002.63 |
| 1998-99 |
1019.60 |
1801.21 |
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The excess of
expenditure over income in some years has been incurred by DAMB out of reserves
accumulated over the years.
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AGRICULTURE
PRODUCE MARKET COMMITTEE (APMC), AZADPUR
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5. The Azadpur
fruit and vegetable market is the biggest fruit and vegetable market in Asia and one of
the biggest in the world. The market acts as a national distribution centre for fruits
like apple, banana, orange and mango and for vegetables like potato, onion, garlic and
ginger. The market was constructed by DDA in 1977 and presently has 3,294 commission
agents/wholesalers. The APMC was also established in 1977.
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The following
quantities of fruits and vegetables were received in Azadpur APMC in the last five years.
|
| Year |
Arrivals in lakh
tonnes |
| 1994-95 |
32.65 |
| 1995-96 |
33.12 |
| 1996-97 |
34.80 |
| 1997-98 |
37.60 |
| 1998-99 |
35.84 |
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Given the massive
volume of transactions, the Market committee has registered a steady increase in income
from Rs. 23 crores in 1994-95 to Rs. 38.60 crore in 1998-99. APMC Azadpur has emerged as
the most financially viable market committee in the NCT of Delhi. The value of business
transacted in APMC, Azadpur was about Rs. 2550 crore in 1998-99.
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APMC NARELA
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6. APMC Narela
was established in 1959 and is the biggest regulated market in Delhi in respect of arrival
of foodgrain. The notified commodities include paddy, wheat, gram, bajra, maize, jowar,
gur, sugar, khandsari, etc. The arrivals in this Mandi are mainly from Haryana, UP, Punjab
and Delhi. The notified market area of APMC Narela covers 76 villages of Delhi. The
arrivals in this market during the last five years are indicated below:
|
| Year |
Arrivals in lakh
tonnes |
| 1994-95 |
3.21 |
| 1995-96 |
2.53 |
| 1996-97 |
3.10 |
| 1997-98 |
4.27 |
| 1998-99 |
3.26 |
|
The committee
earned an income of Rs. 2.53 crore in 1994-95, which had increased to
Rs. 4.01 crore in 1998-99. This committee is also self-sufficient and financially viable.
APMC, Narela had a turnover of more than Rs. 300 crore in 1998-99.
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APMC NAJAFGARH
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7. APMC Najafgarh was also established in 1959 and covers the same
agricultural commodities as APMC Narela. 95% of the arrivals are from Haryana and 5% from
Delhi. The arrivals in the last five years are indicated below:
|
| Year |
Arrivals in lakh tonnes |
| 1994-95 |
1.43 |
| 1995-96 |
1.25 |
| 1996-97 |
1.59 |
| 1997-98 |
1.88 |
| 1998-99 |
1.51 |
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APMC Najafgarh
had an income of Rs. 92.5 lakhs in 1994-95 which increased to Rs. 157.04 lakhs in 1998-99.
APMC, Nazafgarh had a turnover of about Rs. 100 crore in 1998-99.
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Both in respect
of APMC Narela and APMC Najafgarh, the arrivals of wheat and mustard from Haryana and
Rajasthan have been decreasing. There has been some increase in paddy arrivals, but the
paddy being brought into Narela and Najafgarh markets is a hybrid variety of Basmati which
does not fetch good rates.
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FISH,
POULTRY& EGG MARKET COMMITTEE (FP&EMC), JAMA MASJID
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8. This committee
was established in 1992. The arrival of poultry items, i.e., chicken over the last five
years is indicated below:
|
| Year |
No. of Birds (Millions) |
| 1994-95 |
23.03 |
| 1995-96 |
25.92 |
| 1996-97 |
30.29 |
| 1997-98 |
32.91 |
| 1998-99 |
31.44 |
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The arrival of poultry in terms of number of tempos is indicated below :
|
| Year |
Total arrival of poultry (in
tempos) |
| 1994-95 |
28395 |
| 1995-96 |
29583 |
| 1996-97 |
36688 |
| 1997-98 |
41011 |
| 1998-99 |
38074 |
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The principal
yard for poultry shifted from Jama Masjid area to Ghazipur in 1992, while the fish trade
still continues at Jama Masjid. A fish market has been constructed at Ghazipur and the
fish trade is expected to be shifted from Jama Masjid to Ghazipur in the near future.
There are 88 shops for the poultry market at Ghazipur and 196 shops have been built for
the fish market at Ghazipur.
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The income of the
FP&EMC has increased from Rs. 52.82 lakh in 1994-95 to Rs.111.51 lakh in 1998-99.
Income is expected to increase significantly after relocation of the fish trade from Jama
Masjid to Ghazipur. FP & EMC had a turnover of about Rs. 107 crore in 1998-99.
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APMC SHAHDARA
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9. APMC Shahdara
covers fruits and vegetables, fodder, foodgrains, sugar and khandsari. Arrivals over the
last five years are indicated below :
|
| Year |
Arrival in lakh tones |
| 1994-95 |
1.04 |
| 1995-96 |
0.96 |
| 1996-97 |
0.94 |
| 1997-98 |
1.05 |
| 1998-99 |
1.21 |
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APMC Shahdara
falls in the path of the Delhi metro and is proposed to be shifted to Ghazipur area in due
course.
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APMC ZAKHIRA
(DELHI FODDER MARKET COMMITTEE)
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10. APMC Zakhira
deals with fodder items. The arrivals in the last five years are indicated below :
|
| Year |
Arrival in lakh tones |
| 1994-95 |
2.62 |
| 1995-96 |
1.88 |
| 1996-97 |
1.95 |
| 1997-98 |
1.97 |
| 1998-99 |
1.70 |
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The fodder market
is not properly regulated and organized as yet, with the notified principal yard in
Zakhira and other sub-yards working on the roadside. Zakhira market as well as the fodder
market at Nangloi are proposed to be shifted to a wholesale market at Tikri Kalan.
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The income of
APMC Zakhira has increased marginally from 15.18 lakhs in 1994-95 to Rs.17.66 lakhs in
1998-99, but is not sufficient to meet operational expenditure. The financial position is
expected to improve with the development of a new fodder market at Tikri Kalan.
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KHOYA/MAWA MARKET
COMMITTEE
|
11. This
committee came into existence in 1997-98. The latest position of arrivals is indicated
below:
|
| Year |
Arrivals of KHOYA/MAWA |
| 1997-98 |
18,89,863 kgs. |
| 1998-99 |
50,40,723 kgs |
| 1999-2000 (upto 29.2.2000) |
131,21,800 kgs |
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The committee has
not been able to generate significant income due to litigation.
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FLOWER MARKET
COMMITTEE, MEHRAULI
|
12. The Flower
Market Committee started functioning in 1998. The latest position of arrivals is indicated
below :
|
1998-99
|
Flowers (in
weight) : 12,54,322 kgs.
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Flowers (in
bundles) : 4,36,505
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1999-2000
(upto 29.2.2000)
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Flowers (in
weight) : 9,95,480 kgs.
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Flowers (in
bundles) : 11,76,590
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The flower market
at Mehrauli has been declared as the principal market yard of the Flower Market Committee,
with sub-yards at Fatehpuri and at Coffee House, Connaught Place. The committee is facing
numerous operational problems and has not be become financially viable so far. The
Committee had an income of Rs. 3.60 lakh and turnover of about Rs. 1.50 crore in
1998-99.
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Summary Picture
|
13. A summary
picture regarding arrivals and turnover of various APMCs is indicated below :
|
Statement
20.1 |
Arrivals
and turnover of apmcs in delhi
|
| |
Arrivals
(94-95)
(lakh tonnes) |
Arrivals
(98-99)
(lakh tonnes) |
Turnover
(98-99)
(Rs. Crore) |
| APMC, Azadpur |
32.65
|
35.84
|
2550 |
| APMC, Narela |
3.21 |
3.26
|
>300 |
| APMC, Najafgarh |
1.43
|
1.51
|
100 |
| FP & EMC, Jama Masjid |
23.03* |
31.44* |
107 |
| APMC, Shahdara |
1.04
|
1.21
|
N.A. |
| APMC, Zakhira |
2.62
|
1.70
. |
N.A |
| Khoya/Mawa Market |
Nil
. |
50,40,723** |
N.A |
| Flower Marekt, Mehrauli |
Nil
|
12,54,322**
|
1.50 |
* Million Birds
** Kg.
Source : Delhi Agricultural Marketing Board, Government of NCT of Delhi. |
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